A  Electromagnetic Flowmeter and Sensor

1. Functions

1.1  Characteristics of Products

a) Simple structures, reliable, no movable parts, and long service life

b) No parts of intercepting fluid, no pressure loss and fluid clogging

c) No mechanical inertia, quick response, and good stability, application in the automatic examination, regulation, and controlling d) Measuring accuracy is uninfluenced by the physical parameters such as style, temperature, viscosity, density, and pressure.

e) Employ PTFE or rubber liner and different combinations of electrode materials such as Hastelloy C, Hastelloy B, 316L, Titanium and can meet the needs of different mediums.

f) The Transducer exploits a 16-bit insertion-type microprocessor with fast calculation and high accuracy.

g) All the digits are quantity disposed of, strong capability of resisting disturbance, reliable measurement, high accuracy, and the flow rate range can extend to 150:1.

h) LCD with high resolution

i) With double-direction flow rate measurement and double-direction total amount accumulating function. And there are three calculators inside which can respectively display forward total flow, reverse total flow, and difference value accumulative amount.

j) Output: current frequency outputs in double directions and can support RS-485, RS232, or HART communicational protocol.

k) Employ SMD fittings and SMT technology with high reliability of the circuit.

1.2 Main Applications

Electromagnetic flow meters are applied to measure the volumetric flow of conductive liquid and serosity serum in seal pipes. They are applicable for petrochemistry, steel-iron metallurgy, feed water and draining, water irrigation, water disposition, controlling of the total amount of sewage, electric power, paper making, pharmaceutical, food, etc.

2.Forms & Constitutions

2.1 Constitutions

Electromagnetic flowmeter is composed of a sensor and Transducer.

2.2 Forms of Products

The liner and electrodes of the electromagnetic flow meter’s sensor have many types of materials optional. The Transducer and sensor can constitute integral type flow meters or remote type flow meters.

2.3 Figure and Mounting Size

2.3.1 Figure of DN15~DN150 Integral Type and Sensor

2.3.2 Figure of DN200~DN600 Integral Type and Sensor

 

DN	Pressure 1.6 MPa					Pressure 4.0 MPa
	D	d1	d0	n	b	D	d1	d0	n	b
200	340	295	24	12	26	340	295	22	8	34
250	405	355	26	12	28	395	350	22	12	38
300	460	410	28	12	32	445	400	22	12	42
350	520	470	30	16	35	505	460	22	16	46
400	580	525	32	16	38	565	515	26	16	50
450	640	585	40	20	42	615	565	26	20	57
500	715	650	44	20	46	670	620	26	20	57
600	840	770	54	20	52	780	725	30	20	72

DN	Pressure 1.6 MPa					Pressure 4.0 MPa
	D	d1	d0	n	b	D	d1	d0	n	b
15	95	65	14	4	16	95	65	14	4	16
20	105	75	14	4	18	105	75	14	4	18
25	110	85	14	4	18	110	85	14	4	18
40	150	110	18	4	20	150	110	18	4	20
50	165	125	18	4	20	165	125	18	4	20
65	185	145	18	4	20	185	145	18	8	22
80	200	160	18	8	22	200	160	18	8	22
100	220	180	18	8	22	235	190	22	8	26
150	285	240	22	8	24	300	250	26	8	28

2.3.3 Figure of DN700~DN2600 Sensor

2.3.4 Figure of Remote type Transducer

3. Operation Theory and Structure Characteristics

3.1 Operation theory

The electromagnetic flowmeter is based on Faraday’s law of electromagnetic induction. The measuring pipe is a non-magnetic-conductive alloy short pipe with an inside-liner of insulating materials. Along the pipeline, the two electrodes perforate the pipe and are fixed on the measuring pipe. The head of the electrodes is paralleled with the inner surface of the liner. When the coils of the excitation impulse the excitation from square-wave of two sides, a working magnetic field with magnetic flux density B generates in the direction vertical with the measuring pipeline. At this time if the flux with specific electro-conductivity flows through the measuring pipe, the line of magnetic force will induct electromotive force E. Electromotive force E is in positive proportion to magnetic flux B, the product of the inside diameter d of measuring pipe and average flow velocity v, electromotive force E( signal of the flow) is examined by electrodes and sent through a cable to Transducer. After the Transducer magnifies the signal of flow, the flow rate of flux is displayed, and the pulse and analog current which are used to control and regulate the flow rate are output.

E = K B d V

In the equation:   E —- signal voltage of inter-electrode(v)

B—-density of magnetic flux(T)

d—- inner diameter of measuring pipe(m)

V —- average flow velocity(m/s)

In the equation, d is a constant. Because the excitation current is constant B is also a constant.
We can know from E = KBdV that the flow rate of volume Q is in positive proportion to signal voltage E, that is, the signal voltage of flow rate induction E is in linear relation to the flow rate of volume Q. So if only E is measured flow rate Q can be defined. This is the basic operating principle of the electromagnetic flowmeter.
From E = KBdV we can know that the temperature of the measured flux medium, density, pressure, electro-conductivity, and the liquid-solid proportion of the liquid-solid mixed flux medium will not affect the result of the measurement. To moving condition, if only it accords with the flow of axial symmetry (such as laminar flow) it will not affect the result of the measurement. So we say that an electromagnetic flow meter is a genuine flow meter of volume. On the part of the manufacturer and users, if only practically demarcate with average water can the flow of volume of any other conductive flux medium be measured, without any modification. This is prominent merit of electromagnetic flowmeter while any other flow meter doesn’t possess. In the measuring pipe, there are no active and choking parts, therefore there’s nearly no loss of pressure, and the reliability is very high.

3.2 Structure of Sensor

The electromagnetic flowmeter has a compact structure and short connecting size. Its liner and electrode materials fit for various kinds of conductive liquids and serosity serums. Because it uses square-wave impulse excitation, the wattage dissipation of the whole machine and zero are stable and have high reliability.

The main constitutions of the sensor are measuring pipe, electrode, excitation loop, magnetic yoke, and shell body; remote type flow meter has additionally single wiring box.

The sensor with rubber and polyurethane liners is intrinsically sinking structure. If the sensor sinks to submarine or is installed at a place where easy to be flooded by water, after the finish of site wiring and right definition, the wiring box needs to be blocked up with seal sticky and should double seam according to the random use instruction of seal sticky.

1.Main technical data

4.1 Technical data of Whole Machine and Sensor

Performing Standard	JB/T9248-1999
Nominal Diameter	15,20,25,32,40,50,65,80,100,125,150,200,250,300,350,400,450,500,600, 700,800,900,1000,1200,1400,1600,1800,2000,2200,2400,2600
Max Flow Velocity	15m/s
Accuracy	DN15~DN600		±0.3% of indicating value (flow velocity≥1m/s); ±3mm/s (flow velocity＜1m/s )
	DN700~DN2600		±0.5% of indicating value (flow velocity≥0.8m/s); ±4mm/s (flow velocity＜0.8m/s
Fluid electro-conductivity	≥5μS/cm
Nominal pressure	4.0MPa				1.6MPa		1.0MPa		0.6MPa
	DN15~DN150				DN15~DN600		DN20~DN1000		DN700~DN2600
Ambient Temperature.	Sensor					-40 ~+80℃
	Transducer and Integral type					-10 ~60℃
Liner Material	F4, polychlorobutadiene rubber, polyurethane, F46, Fs
Max Fluid Temperature	Integral type       Remote type			70℃
				PTFE / F4 liner				100℃;150℃ (need special order)
				polychlorobutadiene rubber liner				80℃;120℃ (need special order)
				polyurethane				80℃
				F46				100℃;150℃ (need special order)
				Fs				80℃
Signal Electrode and Earthing Electrode Material	Stainless steel 00Cr17Ni14Mo, 0Cr18Ni12Mo2Ti, Hastelloy C, Hastelloy B, Titanium, Tantalum, Pt/iridium alloy, stainless steel painting tungsten carbide
Electrode scraper mechanism	DN300~DN1600
Connecting Flange Material	Carbon steel
Earthing Flange material	Stainless steel 1Cr18Ni9Ti
Enclosure Protection	IP65
Explosion-proof Marker	Ex II CT6	Integral type, IP65, DN15~DN600
		Remote type, IP65, DN15~DN1600
	Ex II CT6	Remote type, IP65,Transducer in a safe area, DN15~DN1600
Space length (Remote type)	Generally, the distance between transducer and sensor does not exceed 100m, if exceed100m need a special order

4.2 Technical data of transducer

Power Supply	DC	18~36V
	AC	85~265V,45~63Hz
Power	< 20W ( match with the sensor)
Inside Calculator	All positive-going flow rate, negative-going flow rate , and difference-value flow rate have a total amount calculator
Output Signal (programmable)	Current Output	* Output signal: Double-direction and two-way, complete isolation 0~10mA/4~20mA * Loading resistance: if 0~10mA then 0~1.5KΩ; if 4~20mA then 0~750 KΩ * Basic error: based on error of the above measurement add ±10µA
	Frequency Output	* Positive-going and negative-going flow rate output; upper limit of output frequency can be set between 1~5000 Hz * With photoelectric isolated transistor collecting electrode open-circuit double-direction output * Outside power not more than 35V, when breaking over, the biggest current of collecting electrode is 250mA
	Pulse Output	* Positive-going  and negative-going flow rate output; upper limit of the output pulse can extend to 5000cp/s * Equivalent weight of pulse is 0.0001~1.0m3/cp * Width of pulse automatically set to be 20ms or square wave * With photoelectric isolated transistor collecting electrode open-circuit double-direction output * Outside power not more than 35V, when breaking over, the  biggest current of collecting electrode is 250mA
	Flow direction indicating output	* Can measure positive and negative-going fluid flow rate, and can judge the flow direction of fluid * When  displaying positive-going flow rate, output +10V high level *  When  displaying negative-going flow rate, output 0V low level
	Alarm output	* Two-way with photoelectric isolated transistor collecting electrode open-circuit alarm output *  Outside power not more than 35V, when breaking over, the  biggest current of collecting electrode is 250mA * Alarm conditions: fluid hollow pipe, excitation disconnection, flow rate beyond the limit
	Communicational interface	RS-232C, RS-485, MODBUS, communicational interface, with thunder-resistant protection
Damping Time	Selectable between 0~100s (90%)
Electrical Isolation	Analog input, analog output, alarm power and pulse output, AC, earthing insulating voltage not less than 500V
Normal Working Conditions	Ambient temperature: integral type –10~+60℃ Relative humidity: 5%~90%
Reference Conditions of Test	Environmental temperature: 20±2℃ Relative humidity: 45%~85% Power voltage : 220±2% Power frequency : 50Hz±5% Content of harmonic wave less than 5%

4.3 Measuring Range of Flow rate

The upper-limit flow velocity of flow rate measuring range can be selected between 0.5m/s~15m/s; lower-limit flow velocity can be 1% of the upper-limit value. Under the reference condition that repeatability error is ±0.1% of the measuring value, the accuracy of the flow meter is shown in the below sheet.

Vs: set span (m/s)

Nominal diameter	Span m/s	Accuracy
15~20	Below 0.5	±0.25%FS
	0.5~1	±1.0R
	1~15	±0. 5%R
25~600	Below 0.5	±0.25%FS
	0.5~1	±0. 5%R
	1~15	±0. 3%R
700~2600	Below 0.5	±0.25%FS
	0.5~1	±1.0R
	1~15	±0.5%
%FS : relative span;   %R: relative measuring value

5. Mounting & Use

5.1 Requirements to Outside Environment

a. Flow meters should avoid being installed in places where the temperature is changeable and high-temperature radiation of equipment exists. If must, it is required to have measures of heat insulation and ventilation

b. It is better to install the flow meters indoors. If it must be installed outdoors, attention must be given to avoid being caught by rain, flooded by water, and exposed to the sun. It is required to have measures of moisture-proof and guard against being exposed to the sun.

c. Flow meters should avoid being installed in the situation that includes corrosive gas. If must, it is required to have measures of ventilation.

d. To make the installation and maintenance convenient, around the flow meters abundant room must be guaranteed

e. Strong magnetic fields and sources of vibration must be avoided existing in the places for installing flow meters. If the pipe vibrates greatly, there should be support at both sides to fix the pipe.

5.2 Requirements to Straight Pipe Section

To improve the effects of eddy current and malformation of current fields, there are some certain requirements to the length of front and back straight pipe of flow meters, otherwise, the measuring accuracy will be affected (power converter can be installed but must avoid being installed near or after the regulation valve and the half-open valve).  

Pipe Installation Types	Installation Instruction Diagram	Standard- pipe Type
		Front straight pipe L	Back straight pipe S
Bent pipe	Picture a	10D	5D
Horizontal pipe	Picture b	5D	3D
Backward position of the valve	Picture c	10D	5D
Flaring pipe	Picture d	10D	5D
Backward position of mercury	Picture e	15D	2D
Shrinkage pipe	Picture f	5D	2D
Mixed liquid	Picture g	30D	3D

5.3 Requirements to Craft Pipe 

Flow meters have certain requirements for upstream and downstream craft pipes, otherwise, the measuring precision will be affected.

a. Inner diameter of upstream and downstream craft is the same as that of the sensor, and it should meet the needs: 0.98DN≤ D≤1.05DN (in the equation DN: inner diameter of the sensor, D: inner diameter of craft pipe)

b. Craft pipe and the sensor must be concentric, deviation of the same axis should be no more than 0.05DN

5.4 Requirements to by-pass tube

In order to conveniently examine and repair flow meters, it is better to install a by-pass tube for flow meters. Additionally, to that heavily polluted flux and flow meters need to be cleaned while the flux cannot be stopped, a by-pass tube must be installed.

a. Convenience of examination and repair of flow meters

b. In terms of heavily polluted flux, a by-pass tube must be installed

c. Fluid cannot be stopped while the flow meters need to be cleaned

5.5 Installation requirements of electromagnetic flow meters on the pipeline

5.6 Earthing of Sensors

To make sure the flow meter working stably, improve the measuring accuracy, and not be disturbed by outside parasitic electric potential, the sensor should use an independent earth line. Earthing resistance<10Ω. If the pipeline is plastic or is covered with an insulating coating, the sensor should be equipped with an earthing ring or earthing electrode.

a. Ways of earthing on a metal pipe: The internal wall of metal pipe has no insulating barrier

b.Ways of earthing on the plastic pipe or other insulating pipe—use an earthing ring or earthing electrode. Earthing ring should be installed between two flanges at the inlet side of sensors to make the measured mediums connect with the ground, with zero electric potential. Otherwise, electromagnetic flowmeters cannot work normally. Please refer to the following left figure.

5.7 Installation of Sensors on pipe with cathodic protection and anti-corrosion

The anti-corrosion pipe is usually insulating on both the inside wall and outside wall. And the inside wall of the sensor is also insulating. So the medium is not conducive to the ground, has no earthing electric potential, therefore the sensor must use the earthing ring.

The following points must be given attention when installing.

a. Earthing ring should be installed on both sides of the sensor and must be insulating with flanges of the pipeline. Earthing ring should be connected with the sensor through earth line 2. The material of earthing ring should be able to bear the erosion of mediums, the manufacturer usually uses stainless steel. (1Cr18Ni9Ti) as earthing ring’s material.

b. The flanges of the pipeline at two sides of the sensor should be connected by the copper wire whose cross-sectional area is larger than 4mm2, and make sure not to connect to the sensor, namely the sensor and the flanges of the pipeline must be non-conduction. Please refer to the following left figure.

c. The bolts connecting flanges must be insulated with flanges of the pipeline. Users should self-prepare the insulating sheath for these bolts，please refer to the following right figure.

5.8Transportation of Electromagnetic Flowmeters

5.9 Attentions when installing flowmeters

a. The installation size must be computed accurately, otherwise easily revealed or unable to install.
b. The flow direction of the flux must keep by the arrow of flow direction.
c. The axis of electrodes of flow meters must be approximately horizontal, otherwise, the measuring accuracy will be affected.
d. The flange at two sides of the sensor must keep parallel otherwise be easily revealed.
e. To avoid forming whirlpool and flowing, the crafting pipe, the seal piece, and flow meter must share the same axis and cannot be staggered.
f. When installing the flow meter, it is prohibited that the electric welding works near the flange of the flow meter. Lest that the liner of the flow meter be burned.
g. To craft pipes of different natures the corresponding ways of ground connection should be applied.
h. To those mediums with a nature of erosion, it is better to install them vertically and the measured medium flows from down to up. By doing so can avoid the solid pellets from depositing in the pipe of the flow meter, make the erosion of the liner even and prolong the useful life.

B  Transducer

 

6. Operation Principles of the transducer

The transducer of the electromagnetic flowmeter uses a novel way of excitation to make the flowmeter have excellent zero stability and measuring accuracy. On the one hand, the Transducer provides the excitation coil of an electromagnetic flow sensor with stable excitation current to make B a constant; on the other hand, it enlarges the electromotive force induced by sensors and changes it into standard current signal or frequency signal to make the display, control, and regulation of flow rate convenient.

7. Operation instructions of the

electromagnetic flow transducer 

7.1 Keys and Display

7.1.1 Keyboard Definition and LCD Display of Square Meter

7.1.2 Keyboard Definition and LCD Display of Round Meter

 

Note: When measuring, press “Compound Key + Enter”, appear password of changing status, base on the distinction of secrecy, and change the password as we provide; then press “Compound Key + Enter” again, enter the status of the setting parameter. If you want to return to the running status, press “Enter” for several seconds.

7.2 Picture of the electromagnetic flow transducer

7.3 Wiring Diagram Wiring

7.3.1 Wiring and Marking of Square Meter Terminal

Wiring Terminal instruction of square meter as follows:

Terminal	Description	Remark
SIG1	Signal l	For transducer of remote type
SGND	Signal Ground
SIG2	Signal 2
DS1	Shielded Exciting  1
DS2	Shielded Exciting  2
EXT +	Exciting Current “+”
EXT –	Exciting Current “-“
VDIN	24VDC Connect point (for 2-wire current output)	Use for wiring of analog Current Output
IOUT	Analog Current Output
ICOM	Analog Current Output Ground
POUT	Flow Frequency (Pulse) Output	Use for wiring of frequency (pulse) Output
PCOM	Frequency (Pulse) Output Ground
ALMH	Upper Limit Alarm Output	Use for wiring of alarm Output
ALML	Lower Limit Alarm Output
ACOM	Alarm Output Ground
TRX+	Communication connects terminal	Use for wiring of communication
TRX-	Communication connects terminal
TCOM	Communication Ground
L	Connect 220VAC / 24VDC +
N	Connect 220VAC / 24VDC –

7.3.2 Square Meter’s Signal Wire

7.3.3 Wiring and Marking of Round Meter Terminal

Wiring Terminal instruction of round meter as follows:

Terminal	Description	Remark
L 2	Connect 220VAC / 24VDC –
L 1	Connect 220VAC / 24VDC +
COM	Current Output Ground for Flow Measurement	Use for wiring of analog Current Output
I +	Current Output for Flow Measurement
COM	Frequency / Pulse Output Ground	Use for wiring of frequency/pulse Output
P+	Frequency / Pulse Output for Bi-directional Flow
AH	Alarm Output for Upper Limit	Use for wiring of alarm Output
AL	Alarm Output for Lower Limit
	Alarm Output Ground (connect with Current Output Ground or Frequency / Pulse Output Ground )
FUSE	Fuse for Power Supply
T +	Communication connects terminal	Use for wiring of communication
G	Communication Ground
T –	Communication connects terminal

7.3.4 Round Meter’s Signal Wire

Marking of round meter signal line is as follows:

7.4 Characteristic and Connection of Cable

7.4.1 Signal Line of Flow rate

For remote electromagnetic flowmeter, in case the electro-conductivity of measured fluid is more than 50μS/cm the flow rate signal transporting cable may use shielding signal cable with model PVVP 2*0.2 mm2 the length should be no more than 100m. Signal cables have to be connected to sensors before dispatch. Connections of signal cables are shown in Fig.7.3 (b) for square meters and Fig.7.3 (d) for the round meter.

The transducer provided equal potential excitation shielding signal output voltage to decrease the effect of distributed capacitance transmitted by cable to the measurement of flow rate signal. When the measured electro-conductivity is less than 50μS/cm of long-distance transmission you can use a bi-core and bi-shielding signal cable with equal potential shielding. For instance, STT3200 exclusive cable or BTS type tri-shielding signal cable.

7.4.2 Excitation Current Wire 

Excitation current wire can use soft two-core insulating rubber cable wire, suggesting Model RVVP2*0.3 mm2. The length of the excitation current wire is the same as that of the signal cable. When using 

STT3200 exclusive cable the excitation cable and signal cable combined as one whole. 

7.4.3 Output and Power line

All output and power lines are prepared by the user according to practical conditions. But attention must be given to meet the needs of loading current.

   Attention: when the DIP switch next to the terminal is set to ON, the side transducer provided a 28V power supply and 10 KΩ up-pulling resistance to isolated OC gate frequency output (PUL+, PUL-), Alarm Output (ALM+.ALM-), and Status Control（INSW）. Therefore, when using frequency output together with sensor to test, DIP switch may be set to ON; leading out frequency signal from PUL+ and PCOM terminals. 

   As for wiring of current output, pulse output, alarm output, and open-collector output, please see the following figures.

 

7.4.4 Grounding

Earthing terminal PE should be grounding copper wire with a diameter not less than 1.6mm2 to connect with the earth. Earthing resistance from the housing of the transducer to the earth should be less than 10Ω.

7.5 Output of Digital value

Digital output refers to frequency output and pulse output. Frequency output and pulse output use the same output point when wiring. Therefore users can not choose both frequency output and pulse output at the same time but either of them.

7.5.1 Frequency Output

Frequency output range: 0~5000HZ. Frequency output corresponds with flow percentage,

F = Measure value / Full scale value·Frequency range

The upper limit of frequency output is adjustable. Users may choose from 0 to 5000 Hz, or a little lower one, such as 0 to 1000 Hz or 0 to 5000 Hz, etc.

Frequency output mode is generally used for controlling purposes because it affects percentage flow rate; if for measurement purposes then select a pulse output mode.

7.5.2. Pulse Output

Pulse output mode is mainly used for measurement; output one pulse, represents one equivalent flow rate, such as 1L or 1M3, etc.

Pulse output equivalent are divided into: 0.001L, 0.01L, 0.1L, 1L, 0.001 M3, 0.01 M3, 0.1 M3, 1 M3. 

Users should pay attention to that the flow range of the flow meter matches with pulse equivalent when choosing pulse equivalent. For volume flow, the calculation formula is as follows: 

QL = 0.0007854×D2×V（L/S） or QM=0.0007854×D2×V×10 -3（M3/S）

Here: D — Diameter（mm） V — Velocity（m/s）

If the flow rate is too large while the selected pulse equivalent is too small, it will cause pulse output to exceed the Upper limit. Therefore, pulse output frequency should be limited to 3000 Hz. If the flow rate is too small while the pulse equivalent is too large it will cause the instrument to output one pulse in a long time. 

     Additionally, pulse output is different from frequency output; pulse output is when accumulation is enough for one pulse equivalent then output one pulse, therefore, pulse output is not very even. Generally, a counter instrument instead of a frequency instrument should be selected for pulse output Measurement.

7.5.3 Connection of Digital value Output

Digital value output has three junctions: digital output junction, digital grounding junction, and flow rate direction junction. The signs are as follows:

   POUT —— digital output junction ;

   PCOM —— digital grounding junction ;

   PDF —— flow rate direction junction.

Generally, the fluid flows towards one direction, meanwhile, users only need to use output junction and grounding wire junction. If the user wants to know the flow direction of fluid they may use flow rate direction junction to complete. 

POUT is collector open-circuit output, the user may refer to the following circuit:

7.5.3.1 Digital value Level Output Connection

7.5.3.2 Digital value Output connecting Photoelectric Coupler (such as PLC etc.)

Generally, the user photo coupler needs about 10mA current. Therefore, E/R=10mA, E=5~24V.

7.5.3.3 Digital value Output Connecting Relay

Generally, the E required by the middle relay is about 12V or 24V. D is the stream-continuous diode. At present, the internal of the most middle relay have this diode. If the middle relay itself has no diode, the user should connect one from external.

Digital quantity output parameters are as follows:

Parameters	Test conditions	Minimum values	Typical values	Maximum values	Units
Working Voltage	IC = 100mA	3	24	36	V
Working Current	Vol≤1.4V	0	300	350	mA
Working Frequency	IC = 100mA Vcc= 24V	0	5000	7500	HZ
High Electric Level	IC = 100mA	Vcc	Vcc	Vcc	V
Low Electric Level	IC = 100mA	0.9	1.0	1.4	V

 

7.6 Current Output Connection of Transducer

7.7 Lightning protection wiring

Users must connect the Grounding terminal with transducer housing when installing because lightning protection discharger introduces lightning current into the ground through housing. If housing is not grounding reliably, and the person operating transducer when lightning, which will result in a personal accident. Please refer to the following connection diagram of lightning protection:

7.7.1 Lightning protection wiring of Round meter

7.7.2 Lightning protection wiring of Square meter

8. Parameters Setting

After connecting transducer and sensor to fluid pipeline (no matter calibration or use), you should initially do the following work: 

● Tighten well the pipelines before and after the sensor with copper wire

● Make sure the sensor connects well with the earth 

● Make sure the fluid in the pipeline is static when adjusting instrument zero

● Make sure the oxidation velum of the sensor electrode generates steadily (keep the electrode and fluid contacting continuously for 48 hours). 

The instrument has two running statuses: 1. Automatic measuring status 2. parameter setting status. 

When the instrument is power on it enters into measuring status automatically. Under automatic measuring status instrument automatically finishes all measuring functions and displays corresponding measuring data. Under parameter setting status, the user uses four-panel keys to complete the instrument parameter setting.

8.1 Keyboard Definition and Display 

8.1.1 Keyboard Definition and Liquid Crystal Display of Square Meter

8.1.2 Keyboard Definition and Liquid Crystal Display of Round Meter

8.1.1 Keys Function

a) Keys Function under Automatic Measuring Status

  “Down” Key: circularly choose the content displayed on the down line of the screen

  “Up” Key: circularly choose the content displayed on the up line of the screen

  “Compound” Key +” Enter” Key: enter parameter setting status

  “Enter” Key: return to automatic measuring status

 Under measuring status, by pressing “Compound” Key + “Up” Key or “Compound” Key +“Down” Key to adjust CONTRAST of LCD indicator. 

  

b) Keys Function under Parameter Setting Status

   “Down” Key: decrease 1 from the number where cursor stops

   “Up” Key: add 1 to the number where the cursor stops

   “Compound” Key + “Down” Key: left shift the cursor

   “Compound” Key + “Up” Key: right shift the cursor

   “Enter” Key: enter/exit submenu

   “Enter” Key: under any status, push down for 2 seconds continuously to return to automatic measuring status.

Note: (1) When using the “Compound” key, firstly press the “Compound” key, then press the “Up” key or “Down” key together. 

      (2) Under parameter setting status, if no operation within 3 seconds then the instrument will automatically return to measuring status.

      (3) For flow direction selection of flow rate zero amendments, shift the cursor to “+” or “-“on the left, switch it with the “Up” key or “Down” key to make it reverse to the practical flow direction.

8.1.1 Operation of Parameter Setting Function Key

To set or revise instrument parameters, you must change the instrument from measuring status into parameter setting status. In measuring status, press “Compound” Key + “Enter” Key, the instrument enters functions selection frame “Parameter Setting”, then press “Enter” key to enter password input status, “00000” status, input password to enter; press “Compound” Key + “Enter” Key to enter parameter setting frame.

Total Flow Zero: in measuring status, press “Compound” Key + “Enter” Key to indicate “Parameter Setting” function, then press “Up” Key to turn to “Total Flow Zero”; input password of total flow zero, press “Compound” Key + “Enter” Key, when the password of total flow zeroes automatically becomes “00000”, instrument finishes zero clearing, at this time total flow inside the instrument is zero.

The instrument is designed to have six–grade passwords, among which four grades users can set the password by themselves; the highest two grades are fixed password values. The six-grade passwords are respectively applied to operators of different security classifications.

8.1 Parameter Setting Menu

The transducer (converter) has two versions, one has volume flow rate, another has mass flow rate also. 58 parameters. Users should set parameters according to specific conditions. 

8.1.1 Parameters of the transducer are as follows:

Volume & mass flow rate ( with  density parameter )

Parameter No.	Parameter Script	Setting Mode	Parameter Range	Password Grade
1	Language	Selection	Chinese / English	2
2	Instrument Communication Address (Com Addres)	Setting Value	0 ~ 99	2
3	Instrument Communication Speed (Baud Rate)	Selection	300 ~ 38400	2
4	Pipeline Size (Snsr size)	Selection	3 ~ 3000	2
5	Measuring Unit  (Flow unit )	Selection	L/h, L/m, L/s, m3/h  m3/min,m3/s	2
6	Measure range Setting (Flow Range)	Setting Value	0 ~ 99999	2
7	Measure Damping Time (Flow Rspns)	Selection	1 ~ 50	2
8	Measuring Direction Selection (Flow Direct)	Selection	Forward / Reverse	2
9	Flow Zero Amendment (Flow Zero)	Setting Value	0 ~ ±9999	2
10	Small Signal Resection Point (Flow Cutoff)	Setting Value	0 ~ 599.99%	2
11	Resection Point Indication Permission (Cutoff Ena)	Selection	Enable ／disable	2
12	Flow Totalize Unit             (Toal Unit )	Selection	0.001m3 ~ 1 m3 0.001 L ~ 1 L	2
13	Density	Selection
14	Reverse Output Permission                  (Segma_N Ena)	Selection	Enable ／disable	2
15	Current Output Type (Analog Type)	Selection	0 ~ 10 mA / 4 ~ 20mA	2
16	Pulse Output Mode  (Pulse-type)	Selection	Frequency／Pulse	2
17	Pulse Unit equivalent (Pulse Fact)	Selection	0.001m3 ~ 1 m3 0.001 L ~ 1 L	2
18	Frequency Output Range (Frequent Max)	Selection	1 ~ 5999 Hz	2
19	Empty pipe Alarm Permission (Mtsnsr Ena)	Selection	Enable ／disable	2
20	Empty pipe Alarm Threshold(Mtsnsr Trip)	Setting Value	59999%	2
21	Upper Limit Alarm Permission                  (Alm High Ena)	Selection	Enable ／disable	2
22	Upper Limit Alarm Value (Alm High Val)	Setting Value	000.0 ~ 599.99%	2
23	Lower Limit Alarm Permission                 (Alm Low Ena)	Selection	Enable ／disable	2
24	Lower Limit Alarm Value (Alm Low val)	Setting Value	000.0 ~ 599.99%	2
25	Excitation Alarm Permission (Sys Alm Ena)	Selection	Enable ／disable	2
26	Total Flow Zero Password (Clr Total Rec)	Setting Value	0 ~ 99999	3
27	Sensor Code 1	User Setting	Factory Year Month (0 ~ 99999)	4
28	Sensor Code 2	User Setting	Product Serial No ( 0 ~ 99999)	4
29	Excitation Mode Selection (Field type)	Selection	Mode 1, 2, 3	4
30	Sensor Factor Value (Sensor Fact)	Setting Value	0.0000 ~ 5.9999	4
31	Flow amend permission (Line Crc Ena)	Selection	Enable ／disable	5
32	Flow amend point 1 (Linear CRc l)	User Setting	setting according to the velocity	5
33	Flow amend point 1 (Linear CRc 1)	User Setting	setting according to the velocity	5
34	Flow amend value 2 (Linear Crc 2)	User Setting	0.0000～1.9999	5
35	Flow amend point 2 (Lineacy CrC 2)	User Setting	setting according to the velocity	5
36	Flow amend value 3 (Lineacy CrC 3)	User Setting	0.0000～1.9999	5
37	Flow amend point 3 (Lineacy Fact3)	User Setting	setting according to the velocity	5
38	Flow amend value 4 (Lineacy CrC4)	User Setting	0.0000～1.9999	5
39	Flow amend value 4 (Lineacy Fact 4)	Revisable	00000 ~ 99999	5
40	Forward Total Flow Low Level(Fwd total Lo)	Revisable	0000 ~ 9999	5
41	Forward Total Flow High Level (Fwd total hi)	Revisable	00000 ~ 99999	5
42	Reverse Total Flow low Level (KevTotal Lo)	Revisable	0000 ~ 9999	5
43	Reverse Total Flow high Level (KevTotal hi)	Selection	Enable ／disable	5
44	Peak Restriction allows (Plsnt Lmt Ena)	Selection	0.010 ~ 0.800 m/s	5
45	Peak Restriction  factor (Plant Lmt val )
46	Peak Restriction Time(Plsnt delay)	Selection	400 ~ 2500 ms	5
47	Password grade 1	Use Revisable	00000 ~ 99999	5
48	Password grade 2	Use Revisable	00000 ~ 99999	5
49	Password grade 3	Use Revisable	00000 ~ 99999	5
50	Password grade 4	Use Revisable	00000 ~ 99999	5
51	Current Zero Amendment(Ana log zero)	Setting Value	0.0000 ~ 1.9999	5
52	Current Full Span Amendment (Analog range)	Setting Value	0.0000 ~ 3.9999	5
53	Calibration Factor             (meter fact)	Setting Value	0.0000 ~ 5.9999	5
54	Instrument Code 1	Factory Setting	Factory Year Month (0 ~ 99999)	6
55	Instrument Code 2	Factory Setting	Product Serial No. (0~99999)	6
56	Communication calibration mode(Check mode)	Factory Setting
57	Mtsnsr  zero	Factory Setting
58	Ntsnsr Range	Factory Setting

Volume flow rate (without density )

8.3 Instrument Parameter Instructions

Instrument parameters determine instrument running status, calculation method, output ways, and status. Correctly select and set instrument parameters can make the instrument run at the best status and get higher measuring display accuracy and measuring output accuracy.

   Parameter setting functions of instruments are designed to have six-grade passwords among which 1 to 5 are users’ passwords while the sixth grade is manufacturer’s password. Users may use the 5th-grade password to reset grades 1 to 4.

   No matter which grade password to use, the user can check instrument parameters. But if users want to change instrument parameters they need to use different grade passwords.

First Grade Password (set by manufacturer as 00521): User may only observe instrument parameters;

Second Grade Password (set by manufacturer as 03210): User may change instrument parameters from 1 ~ 24;

Third Grade Password (set by manufacturer as 06108): User may change instrument parameters from 1 ~ 25;

Fourth Grade Password (set by manufacturer as 07206): User may change instrument parameters from 1 ~ 29;

Fifth Grade Password (fixed value): User may change instrument parameters from 1 ~ 52.

Advise that parameters at password Grade 5 should be set by the skilled users. Grades 1~3 can be set by anyone chosen by users.

8.3.1 Language

The transducer has two languages—-Chinese & English. Users can choose by themselves. 

8.3.2 Instrument Communication Address

When communicating with multi-machines, communication addresses can be set, address setting range: 01～99.

8.3.3 Instrument Communication Velocity

Baud rate for selection: 600, 1200, 2400, 4800, 9600, 19200

8.3.4 Pipe Size

DN3 to DN3000 mm

8.3.5 Flow Unit

Users can select the following flow unit from parameters: L/s, L/min, L/h, m3/s, m3/min, m3/h

8.3.6 Setting of Flow Range

Flow range setting refers to setting to the upper limit flow value (full span), the lower-limit flow value automatically set to “0”. So instrument flow range setting determines instrument flow range, also determines the corresponding relationship between current output and instrument percentage display/frequency output. 

Detailed formula as follow: 

Percentage Display Value = (Flow Measuring Value /Instrument Flow Range) * 100 %;

Frequency Output Value= (Flow Measuring Value /Instrument Flow Range) * Full Span of 

Frequency 

Current Output = (Flow Measuring Value /Instrument Flow Range) * FS of Current + Base Point;

The pulse output value is not affected by the instrument flow range setting. 

Notice: Instrument displays flow rate with 5-digit value. The flow rate unit is displayed after the last digit. If the selected flow rate unit is improper, the microprocessor will show the operator “overflow” or “underflow” caused by the wrong unit setting. For example, select L/h as a flow display unit for 200 mm diameter; when flow rate at 1 m/s, the flow rate is 113097 L/h, exceeds 5 digits, causing “overflow”, you should select flow unit m3/s, m3/min, and m3/h.

8.3.7 Measuring Filtration Time (Damping Time)

Long measuring filtration time may improve the stability of instrument flow display and output signal, fit for accumulated pulsating movement flow measuring. Short measuring filtration time has fast response speed, fit for control in the production process. The setting of measuring filtration time uses selection mode, that is, the user selects one filtration time.

8.3.8 Selection of Flow Direction

If users think that flow direction at debugging is different from the designed one, users don’t need to change the connection of excitation line or signal line but to set parameter change for flow direction.

 

8.3.9 Flow Zero Amendment

The measuring pipe of the sensor should be filled with fluid and fluid in static status. Flow zero is expressed by flow velocity, unit mm/s.

Flow rate zero amendment is as follows：

Up line small words display: FS stands for zero measuring value

Down line, big words display: amendment value of zero

When FS display not “0”, amend FS = 0. 

Note: if change down line amendment value, FS increases, need to change positive sign and negative sign of down line value to make FS amend to be zero.

Amendment value of flow zero is a constant value, should be registered into the record sheet of sensor and naming plate. Zero value is a flow velocity value, making mm/s as a unit, its sign is contrary to that of amendment value.

8.3.10 Small-Signal Cutoff (Flow Cutoff)

The setting of the small-signal cutoff point is expressed by the percentage flow of span. When doing small-signal cutoff users may choose to cut off flow rate, flow velocity, and percentage display and signal output at the same time; or choose to only cut off current output signal and frequency (pulse) output signal while keep flow rate, flow velocity and percentage display.

8.3.11 Total Flow Unit

The indicator of the transducer is a 9-bit counter, the max allowed value is 999999999.

Total flow unit: L, m3, UKG, and USG

 

Total flow equivalent: 0.001L, 0.010L, 0.100L, 1.000L

0.001m3, 0.010m3, 0.100m3, 1.000m3

8.3.12 Reverse Output Permission Function (Segma_N Ena)

If the reverse output permission parameter is set at “Enable” status and fluid flows reversely, the transducer outputs pulse and current as per reverse flow rate, and reverse total flow accumulates. If the reverse output permission parameter is set at “Disable” and fluid flows reversely then the output pulse of the transducer is “0” (4mA or 0 mA), but total flow still accumulates.

8.3.13 Current Output

Users may choose 0 to 10mA or 4 to 20mA current output.

8.3.14 Pulse Output

Frequency output and pulse output for option

Frequency output: frequency output is a continuous square wave; frequency value is in corresponding with flow percentage. 

   Frequency Output value = (Flow Measuring Value / Instrument Flow Range) * FS of Frequency

Pulse Output: pulse output is rectangular wave pulse string; each pulse expresses one flow equivalent flows through the pipeline; pulse equivalent is selected from “pulse equivalent unit”. Pulse output mode is mainly used for flow totalization, connected with totalizer. 

Frequency output and pulse output are generally in the form of OC door. Therefore, external direct current power and load should be connected.

8.3.15 Pulse Equivalent Unit

Pulse unit equivalent refers to flow rate represented by one pulse; selection range of instrument pulse equivalent as the following table:

Pulse Equivalent	Flow Rate	Pulse Equivalent	Flow Rate
1	0.001L/cp	5	0.001m 3/cp
2	0.01L/cp	6	0.01m3 /cp
3	0.1L/cp	7	0.1m3/cp
4	1.0L/cp	8	1.0m3/cp

Under the same flow rate, if pulse equivalent is small then the frequency of output pulse is high and the error in total flow is small.

8.3.16 Frequency Output Range

The frequency output range is in corresponding with an upper limit of flow measuring, i.e. 100% of percentage flow; the upper limit value of frequency output can be set from 1 to 5000 Hz.

8.3.17 Empty Pipe Alarm Permission (Mtsensor Ena)

The instrument has an empty pipe testing function and no need for extra electrodes. If users choose to allow an empty pipe alarm then when fluid in the pipeline is lower than the measuring electrode, the instrument will test an empty pipe status. After testing this status, analog output and digital output of instrument set to be zero, meanwhile, instrument flow rate displays zero.

8.3.18 Empty Pipe Alarm Threshold Values (Mtsnsr Trip)

In case the pipeline is filled with fluid (no matter whether there’s flow velocity), revise the setting of the empty pipe alarm to make convenient use. Up line of empty pipe alarm threshold value displays practical conductivity while down line displays set empty pipe alarm threshold value; you may set empty pipe alarm threshold value according to practical conductivity, 3 to 5 times of that.

8.3.19 Upper Limit Alarm Permission (Alm High Ena)

Users choose “Enable” or “Disable”.

8.3.20 Upper Limit Alarm Value

The upper limit alarm value is calculated by span percentage; this value is in the form of value setting, users set one value between 0% and 199.9%. In the process of running, if alarm requirements are met, the Instrument will output the alarm signal.

8.3.21 Lower Limit Alarm

Same as that of upper limit alarm

8.3.22 Excitation Alarm

Select “Enable”, with excitation alarm function; select “Disable”, cancel excitation alarm function.

8.3.23 Total Flow Zero Password

Users may use a third-grade password to set this password, under Total Flow Zero.

8.3.24 Total Flow Zero Password

Sensor code may be used to mark the production date and serial no of the go-with sensor to help set sensor factor.

8.3.25 Sensor Factor

Sensor factor: calibration factor of an electromagnetic flowmeter. This factor is got by calibration and printed on the naming plate of the sensor. Users are required to set this factor in the transducer parameters. (generally, the factory will set it before dispatch)

8.3.26 Excitation Mode Selection

The transducer provides three excitation frequencies for option: 1/10 power frequency (mode 1), 1/16 power frequency (mode 2), 1/25 power frequency (mode 3). For small diameter sensor excitation system inductance is small, should select 1/10 power frequency; for big diameter sensor excitation system inductance is large, users can only select 1/16 power frequency or 1/25 power frequency. In the process of use, firstly select excitation mode 1, if flow velocity zero is too high then select mode2 or mode3 in turn.

Note: The flow meter should work in the same excitation mode as in which the flow meter is calibrated.

8.3.27 High Level / Low Level of forwarding Total Flow

The setting of high or low-level total flow can change the value of forward total flow and reverse total flow; mainly used for instrument maintenance and replacement. 

Users use a 5-grade password to enter, may revise forward total flow（Σ+）. Generally, the set total flow cannot exceed the max value (999999999) counted by the counter.

8.3.28 High Level / Low Level of Reverse Total Flow

Users use 5-grade passwords to enter, may revise reverse total flow（Σ-）. Generally, the set total flow cannot exceed the max value (999999999) counted by the counter.

8.3.29 Peak Restriction Permission

For serum-like paper pulp and slurry, solid particles in the liquid may rub or attack measuring electrode and cause “Tip Shape Interference”; to overcome this kind of interference, our transducer uses the algorithm of change rate restriction; transducer is designed to have 3 parameters to select change rate restriction characteristics.

    Set this parameter to “Enable” to start the change rate restriction algorithm; set this parameter to 

“Disable” to close change rate restriction algorithm.

8.3.30 Peak Restriction Factor

This factor selects the change rate to restrict Tip Shape Interference, calculate as per percentage of flow velocity, divided into 10 grades: 0.010m/s, 0.020m/s, 0030m/s, 0.050m/s, 0.080m/s, 0.100m/s, 0.200m/s, 0.300m/s, 0.500m/s, 0.800m/s.The smaller the percentage, the higher the sensitivity of Tip Shape Interference Restriction. Please note, in application, it is not necessary that the higher the sensitivity the better, but try to choose according to practical conditions.

8.3.31 Peak Restriction Time

This parameter selects the time width to restrict Tip Shape Interference, take milliseconds as a unit. If flow changes in lasting time less than that in selected time then transducer thinks it is Tip Shape Interference; if flow change in lasting time is larger than that in selected time then transducer thinks it is normal flow change. You may try to select this parameter according to practical conditions.

8.3.32 Users Password 1 to 4

Users use 5-grade passwords to enter, may revise Password 1 to 4.

8.3.33 Current Zero Amendment

Zero adjustments of current output before leaving the factory make current output accurately to be 0 mA or 4 mA.

8.3.34 Current Full Span Amendment

Full span adjustment of current output before leaving factory makes current output accurately to be 10mA or 20mA.

8.3.35 Factory Calibration Factor

The manufacturer of the transducer uses this factor to make a measuring circuit system of transducer normalization to ensure exchangeability among all transducers up to 0.1%.

8.3.36 Instrument Code 1 & 2

Transducer codes record the factory date and serial no of the transducer.

9. Alarm Information

Because the print circuit board of the transducer uses surface welding technology, for users, it is not maintainable. 

Therefore, users cannot open the shell of the transducer.

 The transducer has a self-diagnosis function. Except for trouble in power supply and hardware circuit, it can accurately give alarm information for trouble appeared in general application. This information indication “ ” at the left of the indicator. Under measuring status, the instrument automatically displays trouble content as follows:

FQH —- Flow rate Upper Limit Alarm; FQL —- Flow rate Lower Limit Alarm;

FGP —- Fluid Empty Pipe Alarm; SYS —- System Excitation Alarm; 

UPPER ALARM —- Flow rate Upper Limit Alarm LOWER ALARM —- Flow rate Lower Limit Alarm

LIQUID ALARM —- Fluid Empty Pipe Alarm SYSTEM ALARM —- System Excitation Alarm

10. Troubleshooting

10.1 No Display

a) Check whether power is on. 

b) Check whether the main fuse is in good condition

c) Check whether the power supply meets the requirement.

10.2 Excitation Alarm

a) Check whether excitation connection EX1 and EX2 are open circuit

b) Check whether the total resistance of the sensor excitation coil is less than 60 Ω

c) If the former two items are normal then the transducer has trouble

10.3 Empty Pipe Alarm

a) Check whether the sensor measuring pipe is filled with fluid

b) Short circuit transducer signal input terminal SIG1, SIG2, and SIGGND with lead wire; meanwhile, if prompt “Empty Pipe” cancels then it shows transducer is normal; it’s possible that the conductivity of measured fluid is low or settings of the empty pipe threshold value and empty pipe range are wrong. 

c) Check whether signal lines are connected correctly

d) Check whether the electrodes of the sensor are correct. 

Make flow rate zero, indicated conductance ratio should be less than 100%

   When there is flow flowing through, respectively test the resistance of terminal SIG1 and SIG2 to SIGGND, which should be less than 50 kΩ (for measuring the value of fluid water, it’s better to measure with pointer multi-meter; charge-discharge phenomenon will be seen in measuring process).

e) Test direct current voltage between DS1 & DS2 with multi-meter, it should be less than 1V, otherwise, it indicates that sensor electrodes are polluted, and should be cleaned.

10.4 Electromagnetic Flow Meter Not Accurate

a) Whether measuring pipe is full of fluid

b) Whether signal lines are connected normally

c) Check whether sensor factor and sensor zero are set according to the naming plate or calibration certificate.

11. Transportation & Storage 

   To prevent the instrument from being damaged in running, before reaching the mounting site, please keep the original state. In storage, storage site should be indoor meets the following conditions: 

a) Rainproof, damp proof 

b) Slight mechanical vibration, avoid impact

c) Temperature range: -20 to 60 ℃

d) Humidity: no more than 80%

12. Points for Attention in Order

Please supply the following information before place an order:

1. Pipeline size

2. Pipeline material

3. Fluid

4. Operating temperature

5. Ambient temperature

6. Operating pressure

7. Power supply

8. Remote type / integral type

9. Output signal required

13. Model Selection

 

Code	Nominal Diameter (mm)	Flow rate Range (m3/h)			Code	Nominal Diameter (mm)	Flow rate Range(m3/h)
JC-090-10 JC-090-15 JC-090-20 JC-090-25 JC-090-32 JC-090-40 JC-090-50 JC-090-65  JC-090-80 JC-090-100 JC-090-125 JC-090-150 JC-090-200 JC-090-250 JC-090-300 JC-090-350 JC-090-400	DN10 DN15 DN20 DN25 DN32 DN40 DN50 DN65 DN80 DN100 DN125 DN150 DN200 DN250 DN300 DN350 DN400	0.085-2.8 0.32~6.36 0.57~11.30 0.88~18.00 1.45~29.00 2.26~45.00 3.53~71.00 6.00~119.00 9.00~181.00 14.00~283.00 22.00~442.00 32.00~636.00 57.00~1130.00 88.00~1766.00 127.00~2543.00 173.00~3462.00 226.00~4522.00			JC-090-450 JC-090-500 JC-090-600 JC-090-700 JC-090-800 JC-090-900 JC-090-1000 JC-090-1200 JC-090-1400 JC-090-1600 JC-090-1800 JC-090-2000 JC-090-2200 JC-090-2400 JC-090-2600	DN-450 DN-500 DN-600 DN-700 DN-800 DN-900 DN-1000 DN-1200 DN-1400 DN-1600 DN-1800 DN-2000 DN-2200 DN-2400 DN-2600	286.00~5723.00 353.00~7065.00 509.00~10174.00 692.00~13847.00 904.00~18086.00 1145.00~22891.00 1413.00~28260.00 2035.00~40694.00 2769.00~55390.00 3617.00~72346.00 4578.00~91562.00 5652.00~113040.00 6839.00~136778.00 8139.00~162778.00 9552.00~191038.00
	Code	Electrode Material
	K1 K2 K3 K4 K5 K6 K7	316L Hastelloy B Hastelloy C Titanium Tantalum Pt/Iridium alloy Stainless steel painting Tungsten carbide
		Code	Liner Material
		C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7	PTFE (F4) F46 Fs Polychlorobutadiene rubber Polyurethane rubber Hard Rubber PFA
			Code	Function
			E1 E2 E3 F1 F2   F3 F4 T1 T2 T3 P1 P2 P3 P4 P0 D1 D2 D3 J1 J2 J3 W1 W2 W3	0.3 class 0.5 class 1.0 Class 4~20mADC, load ≤750Ω 0~3kHz, 5V active, changeable pulse, high-terminal and effective frequency output RS 485 interface(Modbus protocol) HART protocol Normal- temperature type Hi-temperature type Ultra-temperature type 1.0MPa 1.6MPa 4.0MPa 16MPa Special pressure 220VAC+10%; 50Hz+ 1Hz 24VDC+10% Battery powered Integral type structure Remote type structure Explosion-proof integral structure Flange connection(standard:ANSI,JIS,DIN,GB) Thread connection(NPT,BSP,G) Sanitary Tri-clamp connection